Yesterday I posted (for the first time in ages) that I had found a useful diagram called the "European Interoperability Framework" covers different levels of interoperability.
This work from the European Commission in March 2017 gives specific guidance on how to set up interoperable digital public services. https://ec.europa.eu/isa2/eif_en
It documents 47 clear recommendations on how to improve governance of interoperability activities and ultimately improve the quality of European public services. And in my opinion this includes the transport & mobility sector.
The "European Interoperability Framework" diagram clearly makes the distinction between four layers of interoperability governance: legal, organisational, semantic and technical
Legal interoperability:
This is from legislation that suits not only the physical but also the digital world. Its purpose is to facilitate interoperability between public services at the lower levels
Organisational interoperability:
This provides consistency of processes for optimised data exchange
Semantic interoperability:
This ensures that the precise format and meaning of the data and information exchanged is preserved and understood between each party.
In other words that data entities & elements and the relationship between them are clear.
Technical interoperability:
Ensures that systems are linked to each other correctly for the exchange of data. This ultimately requires the use of formal technical specifications.
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